The following composers are notable among the hundreds who claim Beethoven as a direct influence:
- Richard Wagner (1813-1883)
- Robert Schumann (1810-1856)
- Johannes Brahms (1833-1897)
- Dame Ethel Smyth (1858-1944)
- Gustav Mahler (1860-1911)
- Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951)
- John Adams (b. 1947)
Recommended resource:
Wagner, Schumann, and the Lessons of Beethoven's Ninth by Christopher Alan Reynolds (ebook, published 2015): In this original study, Christopher Alan Reynolds examines the influence of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony on two major nineteenth-century composers, Richard Wagner and Robert Schumann. During 1845-46 the compositional styles of Schumann and Wagner changed in a common direction, toward a style that was more contrapuntal, more densely motivic, and engaged in processes of thematic transformation.
